A methodical approach to GIS-based hydrogeologic mapping

Abstract

This paper describes a methodical approach to hydrogeologic mapping and outlines principles of data management using Geographic Information Systems. Digital hydrogeologic maps and their underlying data base are well suited for water resources planning. The concept of the digital hydrogeologic map presented in this article focuses on the occurrence of productive aquifers and visualizes them by an “x-ray view” in the base map that outlines hydraulic conductivity at groundwater level. Additional hydrogeologic cross sections reveal the vertival distribution of hydraulic conductivity as well as the thickness of productive strata and their tectonic setting. Regional hydrogeology can be presented by at least three different layers of information that can be supplied in separate sheets: hydrogeological base map, hydrogeological cross sections, groundwater contour map. A Geographic Information System serves as a platform of integration for digital maps around which available data are centered. The application of a GIS and a subsequent georelational database allows data capture, processing, analysis, and visualization in support of decision making.